Friday, September 14, 2018

Apples and Apple

Apples and Apple
At Touro Synagogue
Rosh Hashanah First Day
September 10, 2018



On the first day of Rosh Hashanah at Touro Synagogue in Newport, Rhode Island, things were just right. The weather cooperated, there was a good crowd, yet it was not crowded, Rabbi Marc Mandel and Saul Woythaler raised us up during shofarot, we delighted to the davening of Dr. James Herstoff, Dr. Henry Spencer and Rabbi Mandel, the layning of Sam Spencer and our co-presidents, Professor Louise Ellen Teitz and Paul Tobak, sponsored kiddush lunch. We were happy in our seats, thanks to the work of Renee Talewsky.
After greeting us, Rabbi Marc Mandel spoke about Rosh Hashanah and apples,

“There is a custom on Rosh Hashanah to eat apples and honey. The Jewish people are compared to an apple, as it says in the Song of Songs - as the apple tree is unique among the trees, so is my beloved Israel.

“Recently, the company Apple achieved something never accomplished in American history. It became the first company to be valued at $1 trillion. With one trillion dollars, Apple could buy one billion people a $999 iPhone X and still have a billion dollars left in the bank.

“Even more remarkable, in 1997, Apple stood on the brink of bankruptcy and was just a short step from going broke. Steve Jobs revealed that the company was 90 days away from total insolvency.

“Steve Jobs started Apple in his parents’ garage when he was 20 years old and in 10 years Apple grew from two founders into a company with over 4000 employees.

“After he turned 30, Jobs was fired from the company that he himself started and he endured a public shaming, and what seemed then like the end of his career. Steve Jobs said the following to the graduates of Stanford University, ‘I didn’t see it then, but it turned out that getting fired from Apple was the best thing that could’ve ever happened to me. The business of being successful was replaced by the lightness of being a beginner again, less sure about everything. It helped me to enter one of the most creative times of my life.’

“Several years later, Jobs returned to Apple and turned it into the giant it would become by way of his genius. He understood that setbacks were stepping stones to greatness. Downfalls are not permanent. Failures are trials meant to make us stronger. The first tablets of the Ten Commandments were smashed – it was the second set which remained.

“As we celebrate the new year Apple can be a lesson to us - and an inspiration to us – if we face challenges that seem insurmountable, just remember how close Apple was to being broken, and today it is the most successful company in American history.

“With this New Year, let us pray that our dreams will bring us great success when we are challenged with difficult days.”

Steve Jobs’ 2005 commencement address at Stanford is one of the great speeches. He told three short stories from his life.

Jobs dropped out of college after realizing that he was wasting his parents’ savings...but then studied things that interested him such as calligraphy. It was of no use to him until the creation of the first Macintosh computer. He was able to ensure that both the fonts and the computer were esthetically pleasing.

His second story was about how being fired was good for him. At first he was in shock.  “But something slowly began to dawn on me — I still loved what I did. The turn of events at Apple had not changed that one bit. I had been rejected, but I was still in love. And so I decided to start over.”

Finally he spoke about death, “When I was 17, I read a quote that went something like: ‘If you live each day as if it was your last, someday you’ll most certainly be right.’ It made an impression on me, and since then, for the past 33 years, I have looked in the mirror every morning and asked myself: ‘If today were the last day of my life, would I want to do what I am about to do today?’ And whenever the answer has been ‘No’ for too many days in a row, I know I need to change something.”

He ended with a quote from the Whole Earth Catalog, “Stay Hungry, Stay Foolish.” If you are satisfied, you will not strive to improve. If you think you are smart, you will not push the envelope because you know better.

Shanah Tovah Umetukah from Jewish Newport.

You may read Jobs’ speech at https://news.stanford.edu/2005/06/14/jobs-061505/

@tourosynagoguenewport @jewishnewportri

Friday, September 7, 2018

The Mitzvah of Welcoming


The Mitzvah of Welcoming
At Touro Synagogue 
September 1, 2018


Something unusual happened today during parshat Ki Tavo. Nobody was called up for the sixth aliyah! Most of the sixth aliyah consists of warnings about what would happen to Israel if God’s commandments were not followed. No one wants to be called up for the “curse” aliyah. Rabbi Marc Mandel took on the burden of the aliyah..but he was not called up.  

The gloom continued during the rabbi’s brief words of Torah. He described walking in Beit Shemash, Israel, through an unwelcoming neighborhood. 


“Beit Shemesh,” he said, “is a town that has been in the news these last few years due to the turf wars between the ultra-orthodox and the less orthodox: there is real tension in Beit Shemesh and it is Jew vs. Jew.


‘A few years ago…we walked from Beit Shemesh to Ramat Beit Shemesh, and we were scared - in one neighborhood there was graffiti everywhere, broken windows, and what appeared to be gangs of people staring at us." 


Beit Shemesh has had a large influx of haredi (Ultra-Orthodox) Jews, some of whom are intolerant of anyone who they think is less observant. This has led to women being treated as second class citizens, forced to sit in the back of the bus, and trying to make them non-persons, at least in public. So many incidents have occurred that the United States Department of State has issued a warning for American travelers. 


Rabbi Mandel concluded, “So the picture of this week’s parsha is looking more like a bad dream in some places in Israel.


“But let’s be hopeful that we can turn this around. Rabbi Dov Lipman, who used to be a teacher at Reishit Yerushalayim in Beit Shemesh and a member of Knesset, has been trying to build bridges between the communities. Let us support people like Dov and work to paint a brighter picture of Israel that we can all be proud of.”


At the kiddish, which she sponsored, Rita Slom spoke about a time when she felt unwelcome. An election in Newport was scheduled on Rosh Hashanah, and Rita would be unable to vote for her husband, Aaron, who was running for school committee. The issue ended up in court, which ordered the day of the election moved.


In 2013, Rhode Island enacted a law to address the issue:


“§ 17-18-5.1 Elections falling on religious holiday. – In the event that the date for the holding of any state or municipal election, other than the general election held on the first Tuesday next after the first Monday in November in even numbered years, falls upon the day of a religious holiday on which the doctrines of a faith would prohibit its followers from voting, the election shall be held upon the next business day other than Saturday then following; provided, that nothing contained in this section shall be deemed to invalidate any election once it has been held.”


The morning was not all serious. Among the visitors were the Danesh and Hakim families. They had last visited on September 9, 2017 to celebrate the aufruf of Danny who was about to marry Jessica. Once again we heard the joyous sound of ulalation from above. I thought this was how women, who are not full participants during services, make sure that their voices are heard, and that those of us below understand who is in charge. 


Learn more about the aufruf at https://jewishnewport.blogspot.com/2017/09/at-touro-synagogue-september-2-2017-by.html


May you be able to vote in elections, may you be welcome and greeted with ulalation wherever you go, may you be welcoming to others and Shabbat Shalom from Jewish Newport!

Wednesday, August 29, 2018

Is there a Doctor in the House?

Is there a Doctor in the House?
At Touro Synagogue
August 25, 2018


At Touro Synagogue in Newport on Shabbat we heard from three doctors: a spiritual doctor, Rabbi Marc Mandel, a medical doctor, Morton Glasser, and a social doctor, Irene Glasser (Irene is a doctor of anthropology, so perhaps I should say a societal doctor.)


After greeting one and all (and they came from as far as London), Rabbi Mandel said,


“The Torah teaches us to take care of our health. It’s a mitzvah to take care of your health, mentioned several times in the book of Deuteronomy, [4:15] take good care of yourselves וְנִשְׁמַרְתֶּ֥ם מְאֹ֖ד לְנַפְשֹׁתֵיכֶ֑ם.
“In this week‘s Torah reading we are told [Deuteronomy 24:8]
הִשָּׁמֶר בְּנֶגַע-הַצָּרַעַת, be careful for certain diseases. Smoking certainly causes diseases in the human body.


“I saw an interesting video online from a Dr. Dave Montgomery, a cardiologist at the Piedmont Heart Institute.[ a video is at https://youtu.be/JAKeZXigQtQ] He said most people associate cigarette smoking with lung problems, but he said that it is really your heart and blood vessels that get damaged the most from smoking.


“Just this week there was a major medical discovery: the healthier your heart, the healthier your brain, meaning the more measures of cardiovascular health older people had, the less likely they are to develop dementia. But I’m not a doctor and will let our kiddish speakers talk about these issues.


“…It hurts me when I see people who are meticulous about attending the weekday minyan take breaks during davening for smoking: Don’t they realize that taking care of your health is a mitzvah just like davening? Don’t they realize that the torah frowns on this type of behavior? Why is that ignored?


“As we approach the new year, Rosh Hashanah, let’s do what we can to help all people live healthier and holier lives. Shabbat Shalom!”


At the kiddish, which they sponsored, Drs. Morty and Irene’s brief talks were related but very different.


Dr. Morty started with good news. Smoking rates in the United States have gone down considerably. He attributed it to the high price of cigarettes, which is caused by high taxes, and said we should think what the implications of this are for other health issues. He stayed away from the reasons why people smoke.

The damage from smoking takes years to accumulate, he said, and young people, who don’t have a long range outlook, have fewer inhibibitions to stop them from engaging in risky behavior like smoking.

He pointed out that American Indians (and Eskimos and other indigenous peoples) have the highest rate of smoking, in part, at least, because tobacco on reservations is untaxed.  


Dr. Irene began by saying how tobacco was traditionally used by native Americans. Tobacco was sacred and reserved for shamans who used it on special occasions. This is what the Europeans saw when they arrived. They deduced that it was a healing plant, and that is how it was initially presented back home.


I asked Newporter Mrs. Namel Chadash if she had the inside story.


“Now listen, Mr. Aaron! Ven you vant to know vat really happened, don’t go to Vikipedia, komm zu mir! Ven those pilgrims or puritans (I never could figure which was which) landed at that rock in Old Virginny (Have I got that right?), they found smokin’ locals who were feeling pretty good.


“John Rolfe, (who married Pocahontas, no less) said to his friend, Captain John Smith, ‘Methinks we could sell a lot of this back home. People are always looking for something to help them feel happy.’


“John Smith, a sly one vas he, replied, ‘John, methinks that is not the best vay to sell tobacco. Let’s call it medicine. People will pay anything for their health, and ve can avoid the sin taxes.’ The rest, as they say, is history!”


Dr. Irene focused on the homeless population in Rhode Island. Many of them smoke. Rhode Island’s adoption of universal healthcare has been very successful in increasing the availability of healthcare to all, but, reaching out to homeless people to give them information about smoking cessation is difficult. Smoking is one of many health issues they face. Living much of their time on the street is not conducive to counseling.


One approach is to make counseling available in soup kitchens. This was tried as a pilot program. Many of the homeless were interested in learning how to stop smoking, which indicates that anti-smoking efforts have reached them, and were grateful for any information. Unfortunately, the pilot program ran out of money and was not refunded.


Another approach is to train employees in shelters or day programs in smoking cessation. This was done in Rhode Island, but getting those employees into counseling did not work out; they still had to perform their regular duties.


Irene was asked a lot of questions and comments were made by the audience. People speculated about why smoking is high in this population.


One person said that tobacco companies are currently trying to decrease the price of tobacco in military facilities. I could not document this. In fact, it appears the military is very interested in the health of sailors and soldiers, and takes this into account when deciding how to price tobacco products.


The subject of treating narcotic addiction also came up. A parallel group to the homeless is the prison population. Irene explained that in Rhode Island, we only have a state prison system, not a county system. This simplifies trying something different. In prison one cannot use illegal drugs, but that does not mean the addiction disappears. There are three medicines that might help, and Rhode Island enacted regulations to make these available to prisoners.


After the talk, I got more insight from Dr. Morty.  He said that even among the homeless, smoking has decreased. He added that there is a big difference between smoking two cigarettes a day vs. two packs a day. The percentage of smokers doesn’t tell the full story.


That reminded me of a book, How to Lie with Statistics, by Darrell Huff that my college roommate, Arthur Forman, brought to my attention 35 years ago when he was a Neurology Senior Registrar at the Radcliffe infirmary, Oxford, England.


In the 1960s and 70s, How to Lie with Statistics was often assigned reading in college and is one of the best selling books about statistics, having sold over 1.5 million copies, and that is just in English. To get off to a good start, Mr. Huff  begins with a quote he attributed to Disraeli, “There are three kinds of lies; lies, damned lies, and statistics.” You can read the whole book at http://www.horace.org/blog/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/How-to-Lie-With-Statistics-1954-Huff.pdf


Shabbat Shalom from Jewish Newport!

Thursday, August 23, 2018

Tending our gardens

Tending our gardens

At Touro Synagogue
August 19, 2018

On Sunday after the reading of the Moses Seixas letter written on behalf of the Hebrew Congregation in Newport to President George Washington, Washington’s response was read. After several introductions, Col. Jonathan de Sola Mendes read the Seixas letter in a loud clear voice.  Dr. Philip Mintz read Washington’s reply in a clear, loud voice. A keynote speech by the President of Salve Regina University followed.

Rhode Island Secretary of Commerce Stefan Pryor stole the show! His short speech was well written, and he delivered it with elan. Pryor addressed current affairs but avoided politics. He spoke about principles, not about personalities!

The Secretary focused on Washington’s use of the “vine and fig tree.” When I asked him why, he replied, “ …I have been intrigued by that phrase since I first viewed it in Washington’s letter. My interest was enhanced when I heard the phrase read aloud at Touro Synagogue during last year’s ceremony. Upon giving Washington’s letter a close read in preparation for this year’s event, I decided to go ahead and research the vine and fig tree language. If you’ll pardon the pun, it turned out to be a fruitful exercise.”

And it was a fruitful exercise!
Washington wrote, “May the children of the stock of Abraham who dwell in this land continue to merit and enjoy the good will of the other inhabitants–while every one shall sit in safety under his own vine and fig tree and there shall be none to make him afraid.”

Pryor said Washington referred to the vine and fig tree almost 50 times. The phrase appears in the bible several times. Pryor said, “It appears that President Washington was referring to Micha 4:4.” 
 וְיָשְׁב֗וּ אִ֣ישׁ תַּ֧חַת גַּפְנ֛וֹ וְתַ֥חַת תְּאֵנָת֖וֹ וְאֵ֣ין מַחֲרִ֑יד
“But every man shall sit Under his grapevine or fig tree With no one to disturb him.”

Pryor noted that the next verse, Micah 4:5, says, ”Though all the peoples walk Each in the names of its gods…” Micah, and, in effect, the Almighty, were acknowledging the existence of other religions without criticizing them.  

It was a popular phrase during the Revolutionary War, according to Charles Royster(1). “Sitting unafraid under the vine and fig tree captured the deep longing in the human soul for independence from the power of arbitrary government, from injustice, and oppression.” 

Pryor may have drawn on a webpage about the vine and fig tree. http://teachingamericanhistory.org/religion-in-america/american-life/vine-and-fig-tree-motif/ Dr. David Tucker, senior fellow at the Ashbrook Center at Ashland University in Ashland, Ohio, put the page together.

Pryor concluded,

“I dwell upon Washington’s reference to the vine and fig tree because I think it’s a beautiful image. But I also think it should speak to us today. I fear that, if we focus exclusively on the phrase, ‘to bigotry no sanction, to persecution no assistance’ – to be clear, a profoundly important phrase, one that deserves our intensive attention – but if we focus exclusively upon this phrase, restated so absolutely in Washington’s letter, as if immutable fact -- we run a significant risk…the risk of assuming that, because these words were affirmed by the first leader of our nation, they will always be true, that this view will ever be affirmed and reaffirmed.

“…the vine and fig tree portion of Washington’s letter reminds us that the shelter and safety provided by such vine and tree are being offered by living things–living things that themselves need to be nourished, cared for, and protected. We cannot take the vine and fig tree for granted–because there are multiple forms of ailment and types of pathogen that will infect them and cause them to wither if we do not care for them–that is, if we are not careful. Therefore, we must work diligently and vigilantly to ensure that the environment supports the vine and tree overhead. Together, we must actively prevent blight from taking hold and disease from taking root.”

Voltaire, one of the dominant thinkers of the 18th century, wrote in Candide, 1759, about tending a garden. In a New Yorker article, VOLTAIRE’S GARDEN, Adam Gopnik said, “As Tocqueville saw half a century later, home-making, which ought to make people more selfish, makes them less so; it gives them a stake in other people’s houses. It is not so much the establishment of a garden but the ownership of a gate that moves people from liking a society based on favors to one based on rights. Enclosing his garden broadened Voltaire’s circle of compassion. When people were dragged from their gardens to be tortured and killed in the name of faith, he began to take it, as they say, personally.”

Having a garden and a home leads to caring for society and one’s fellow man. If we don’t care for them, we can never sit under our vine and fig trees without being disturbed. During the American Revolution, Americans banded together in a body politic and and in an army to safeguard the right to live undisturbed.

1. Charles Royster, A Revolutionary People at War: The Continental Army and American Character, 1775–1783 (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1979), 103


Friday, August 10, 2018

Satisfaction

Satisfaction

At Touro Synagogue
August 4, 2018


It was very warm in Touro Synagogue. In his brief words of Torah, Rabbi Mandel focused on one word in the parsha,


“There’s a famous song by the Rolling Stones called Satisfaction[https://youtu.be/nrIPxlFzDi0]. This song is about a person who goes through life and can’t seem to find satisfaction in every day living: this song speaks to us in our times. Are we satisfied with our lives or are we always looking for more, for something else? One of the main themes in today’s Torah reading is satisfaction.


“The parsha says you shall eat, you shall be satisfied, and you shall thank God for the food that you have eaten. This is the source for the mitzvah of birkat hamazon- the benching that we do after we eat.


“Here at Touro synagogue we are fortunate that Debbie and Jim Herstoff and family have donated beautiful booklets for birkat hamazon.


“The implication of this passage is you only have to thank God if you were satisfied after you’ve eaten that if you are not satisfied there is no requirement to say the prayer. The Talmud addresses this theme in Masechet Brachot, page 20b. God tells the angels, ‘the reason I have a deep affection towards Jewish people because even though the Torah says you only have to bench if you are satisfied, but the Jewish people are stringent and  bench even if they ate less.’


“There is a popular phrase that sometimes ‘less is more.’


“Sometimes, even though we eat less, we are more satisfied. Let us hope and pray that we can learn the lesson of birkat hamazon that states less is more and let us hope and pray that in our everyday living we will find satisfaction.


“Shabbat Shalom!”


Among those in attendance was Rabbi Emeritus, Mordechai Escowitz. Visitors were also present from New Jersey, Florida, and London.


Like everything else, the Rolling Stones are subject to interpretation.  A lot of the short lyrics criticize Madison Avenue and the blitz of advertising on the radio and television. The balance of the song ridicules musicians, and all of us, for our pretensions that we are the greatest, and that members  of the opposite sex should be falling at our feet.


Shabbat Shalom from Jewish Newport!

@tourosynagoguenewport @jewishnewport @newportri